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1.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 86(1): 79-82, Jan.-Feb. 2023. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1403484

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT A 53-year-old man with a 3-day history of periorbital swelling and vision loss in the left eye was found to have septic cavernous sinus thrombosis with bilateral orbital vein involvement causing congestive orbitopathy. He was treated with an emergent canthotomy and cantholysis, intraocular pressure-lowering drops, antibiotics, anticoagulation, and serial examinations. Optical coherence tomography ultimately revealed diffuse ischemic destruction of both layers of the retina, which suggested occlusion of the ophthalmic artery or the short posterior ciliary arteries and central retinal artery without intracavernous internal carotid artery involvement. The patient remained without light perception in the left eye after treatment.


RESUMO Um homem de 53 anos, com história de 3 dias de edema periorbital e perda de visão no olho esquerdo, apresentou trombose séptica do seio cavernoso com envolvimento bilateral das veias orbitais, causando uma orbitopatia congestiva. O paciente foi tratado com uma cantotomia e cantólise de emergência, colírios para redução da pressão intraocular, antibióticos, anticoagulantes e exames seriados. A tomografia de coerência óptica finalmente demonstrou destruição isquêmica difusa de ambas as camadas da retina, sugerindo uma oclusão da artéria oftálmica ou das artérias ciliares posteriores curtas e da artéria retiniana central, com ausência de envolvimento do segmento intracavernoso da artéria carótida interna. O paciente permaneceu sem percepção luminosa no olho esquerdo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/etiology , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging
2.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 84(1): 83-86, Jan.-Feb. 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153104

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis is a rare but often debilitating and potentially fatal disease. We describe a case of bilateral orbital cellulitis with rapidly progressing cavernous sinus thrombosis and left sigmoidal sinus thrombosis in an immunocompetent 20-year-old military man who had undergone intensive physical training. The patient presented with rapid painful swollen left eye for 2 days. The examination results were gross proptosis with total ophthalmoplegia. He was treated with intravenous antibiotics and corticosteroid. At 1 week, visual acuity improved to 20/20 OU, with a normal intraocular pressure. There was a significant improvement in proptosis. The ocular motility of the right eye was fully restored, with slight residual ophthalmoplegia in the left eye. There was no residual illness or recurrence of illness at 3 months' follow-up.


RESUMO A trombose séptica do seio cavernoso é uma condição rara, mas frequentemente debilitante e potencialmente fatal. Descrevemos um caso de celulite orbital bilateral com progressão rápida para trombose do seio cavernoso e trombose do seio sigmoide esquerdo, em um militar imunocompetente de 20 anos de idade que havia sido submetido a treinamento físico intenso. O paciente apresentou um inchaço rápido e doloroso no olho esquerdo por 2 dias. Os resultados do exame foram proptose macroscópica com oftalmoplegia total. Ele foi tratado com antibióticos intravenosos e costicosteróide. Em 1 semana, a acuidade visual melhorou para 20/20, com pressão intraocular normal. Houve uma melhora significativa na proptose. A motilidade ocular do olho direito foi totalmente restaurada, com leve oftalmoplegia residual no olho esquerdo. Não houve doença residual ou recorrência da doença após três meses de acompanhamento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Cavernous Sinus , Exophthalmos , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis , Orbital Cellulitis , Cavernous Sinus/diagnostic imaging , Exophthalmos/etiology , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/etiology , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/drug therapy , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging
3.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 79(2): 199-206, jun. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1014438

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La rinosinusitis bacteriana aguda es la infección de la mucosa nasal y de senos paranasales, que se manifiesta con congestión nasal, rinorrea purulenta y fiebre, de curso generalmente autolimitado. La trombosis del seno cavernoso (TSC) es una complicación poco frecuente, que se asocia a compromiso del seno esfenoidal y etmoidal, manifestándose clínicamente con cefalea, fiebre, alteración de pares craneanos y síntomas oculares. Ante su sospecha el estudio imagenológico es fundamental. En estos exámenes se debe buscar un defecto de llene en el seno cavernoso comprometido. El tratamiento debe iniciarse de forma precoz y contempla: antibioticoterapia, drenaje quirúrgico del seno afectado y anticoagulación. Se presenta a un paciente pediátrico masculino con TSC derecha posterior a una rinosinusitis esfenoidal no tratada, que respondió favorablemente al tratamiento. Se describe la clínica y manejo de esta patología, que presenta alta morbimortalidad, y que puede disminuirse considerablemente con un tratamiento precoz y agresivo.


ABSTRACT Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis is the infection of the nasal and paranasal mucous membrane, with symptoms such as nasal congestion, purulent rhinorrhea and fever, usually self-limiting. Cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is a rare complication, which is associated with sphenoid and ethmoid sinus involvement, clinically manifest with headache, fever, cranial nerve involvement and ocular symptoms. When suspected, imaging studies will confirm the clinical impression. They will show abnormal flow parameters in the compromised cavernous sinus. The treatment has to start as soon as possible and consists in broad spectrum intravenous antibiotics, surgical drainage of the site of the infection and anticoagulation. We present a patient with a right CST secondary to a non-treated sphenoidal sinusitis, that responded favorably to treatment. The clinical and management of this pathology is described, which presents a high morbidity and mortality that can be reduced considerably with an early and aggressive treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Sphenoid Sinusitis/complications , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/etiology , Paranasal Sinus Diseases , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Cavernous Sinus/diagnostic imaging , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/surgery , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging
4.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 73(3): 182-184, May-Jun/2014. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-727187

ABSTRACT

A trombose do seio cavernoso (TSC) é uma situação clínica rara, resultando normalmente da complicação de um processo infeccioso dos seios paranasais. Outras causas incluem alterações pró-trombóticas, anemia e trauma. Os sinais e sintomas são extremamente variados e inespecíficos, sendo o seu diagnóstico efetuado através de ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN). Os autores apresentam um caso clínico de uma doente com 75 anos de idade, que recorre ao serviço de urgência devido à dor em olho direito vermelho associado à cefaléias frontais com quatro dias de evolução. Ao exame oftalmológico observou-se defeito pupilar aferente relativo no olho direito (OD); na biomicroscopia vasos episclerais dilatados, catarata nuclear e à fundoscopia um edema discreto da papila com apagamento do rebordo nasal, hemorragias punctiformes dispersas e tortuosidade vascular em OD. A realização de angio-RMN confirmou o diagnóstico tendo a doente sido tratada com enoxaparina. Apesar do tratamento da TSC ser um tratamento etiológico, foi demonstrado que a anticoagulação está associada à diminuição da taxa de mortalidade.


Cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is a rare condition, usually results from a late complication of an infection of the paranasal sinuses. Other causes include prothrombotic disorders, anemia and trauma. The signs and symptoms are extremely varied and nonspecific, being the diagnosis made through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The authors present a 75-year-old woman, admitted in the emergency room complaining of ocular pain in the right eye (RE), red eye and frontal headache. She presented on ophthalmic examination of the RE: dilated episcleral vessels, nuclear cataract and a relative afferent pupillary defect. Fundoscopy examination of the RE revealed disc edema with nasal disc margin blurred, small dot hemorrhages and vascular tortuosity. The MRI angiography confirmed the diagnosis and the patient was treated with low molecular weight heparin. Despite treatment of CST is directed to the causal situation, being shown that anticoagulation is associated with reduction in mortality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Magnetic Resonance Angiography , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging , Eye Manifestations , Warfarin/therapeutic use , Fluorometholone/therapeutic use , Enoxaparin/therapeutic use , Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis/drug therapy , Eye/blood supply , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Fundus Oculi
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